The Tree of Europe · Person

Philip V of Spain

«the Spirited»

The first Bourbon king of Spain. The War of the Spanish Succession cost him Milan, Naples and Sardinia; he briefly recovered Sardinia between 1717 and 1720. His Iberian and Italian domains followed different paths.

1683 – 1746King of SpainBourbon · ES
Portrait of Philip V of Spain
Contemporary portraitOfficial portrait of Philip V of SpainJean Ranc · 1723Museo del Prado, MadridPublic domain · PD-Art / PDM 1.0 · Source
Biography

Life of Philip V of Spain

Charles II’s heir

Philip of Bourbon, Duke of Anjou and grandson of Louis XIV, was born at Versailles in 1683. Charles II named him heir in his will, and in 1700 he was proclaimed king of the Spanish crowns. His arrival triggered the War of the Spanish Succession, in which Archduke Charles of Austria had the support of England, the United Provinces and much of the Crown of Aragon.

References: Real Academia de la Historia · Diccionario Biográfico español · Deutsche Biographie · Encyclopaedia Britannica

The war and the Nueva Planta decrees

After the Battle of Almansa in 1707 he abolished the fueros of Aragon and Valencia, and after the fall of Barcelona in 1714 those of Catalonia and Majorca, through the Nueva Planta decrees. The treaties of Utrecht and Rastatt in 1713–1714 recognised him as king in exchange for renouncing the French crown and ceding the Low Countries, Milan, Naples, Sardinia, Sicily, Gibraltar and Minorca.

References: Real Academia de la Historia · Diccionario Biográfico español · Deutsche Biographie · Encyclopaedia Britannica

A long reign in two periods

His second wife, Elisabeth Farnese, directed foreign policy towards securing Italian states for her sons: Charles obtained Naples and Sicily, and Philip, Parma. In 1724 he abdicated in favour of his son Louis I but returned to the throne a few months later when the young king died. He suffered severe depressive episodes. He died in Madrid in 1746 after the monarchy’s longest reign and was succeeded by Ferdinand VI.

References: Real Academia de la Historia · Diccionario Biográfico español · Deutsche Biographie · Encyclopaedia Britannica

This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.

Historical profile

Key details

Birth: 19 December 1683 Documented

Death: 9 July 1746 Documented

Role: King of Spain

Other recorded names: Philip the Spirited

Dynasty: Bourbon · ES

Territories: Spain (ES) · Navarre (ES) · Castile (ES) · León (ES) · Aragon (ES) · County of Barcelona (ES) · Valencia (ES) · Majorca (ES) · Sardinia (ES) · Milan (ES) · Naples (ES) · Trinacria (ES) · Brabant (ES) · Limburg (ES) · Luxembourg (ES) · Guelders (ES) · Flanders (ES) · Hainaut (ES) · Namur (ES) · Lordship of Mechelen (ES)

Recorded governments and reigns
King · Castile · Reign Pending review1700–1724Effective rule
King · León · Reign Pending review1700–1724Effective rule
King · Aragon · Reign Pending review1700–1724Effective rule
King · Navarre · Reign Pending review1700–1724Branch ruleFrom 1512 the two lines did not effectively govern the whole of the former kingdom.
King · Castile · Reign Pending review1724–1746Effective rule
King · León · Reign Pending review1724–1746Effective rule
King · Aragon · Reign Pending review1724–1746Effective rule
King · Navarre · Reign Pending review1724–1746Branch ruleFrom 1512 the two lines did not effectively govern the whole of the former kingdom.
Count · County of Barcelona · County Pending review1700–1724Effective rule
King · Valencia · Reign Pending review1700–1724Effective rule
King · Majorca · Reign Pending review1700–1724Effective rule
King · Sardinia · Reign Inferred1700–1708Effective ruleBourbon allegiance until occupation by supporters of Archduke Charles in 1708; recovered in 1717 and ceded to Savoy in 1720.
Count · County of Barcelona · County Pending review1724–1746Effective rule
King · Valencia · Reign Pending review1724–1746Effective rule
King · Majorca · Reign Pending review1724–1746Effective rule
King · Sardinia · Reign Inferred1717–1720Effective ruleReconquest in 1717; evacuation and transfer to Savoy in 1720.
Duke · Milan · Duchy Inferred1700–1706Effective ruleThe Austrian occupation of 1706 ended Bourbon government in the Milanese territories.
King · Naples · Reign Inferred1700–1707Effective ruleNaples passed to Austrian allegiance in 1707.
King · Trinacria · Reign Pending review1700–1713Effective ruleSicily was transferred to Victor Amadeus II under Utrecht in 1713.
Duke · Brabant · Duchy Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
Duke · Limburg · Duchy Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
Duke · Luxembourg · Duchy Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; the town remained under Bourbon control until Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel in June 1711.
Duke · Guelders · Duchy Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
Count · Flanders · County Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
Count · Hainaut · County Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
Count · Namur · County Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; the town remained under Bourbon control until Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel in June 1711.
Lord · Lordship of Mechelen · Lordship Documented1700–1711Effective ruleA distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
Family network

Recorded relationships

Crowns and unions

Their titles over time

Follow the changing territories and offices of Philip V of Spain. Each title retains its own status.

Governments in 1700

  • Spain11 titles and offices
    View titles and jurisdictions
    • Castile · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1724
    • León · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1724
    • Aragon · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1724
    • Navarre · ESKing · Branch rule · Upper Navarre after the conquest1700–1724 · From 1512 the two lines did not effectively govern the whole of the former kingdom.
    • County of Barcelona · ESCount · Effective rule1700–1724
    • Valencia · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1724
    • Majorca · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1724
    • Sardinia · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1708 · Bourbon allegiance until occupation by supporters of Archduke Charles in 1708; recovered in 1717 and ceded to Savoy in 1720.
    • Milan · ESDuke · Effective rule1700–1706 · The Austrian occupation of 1706 ended Bourbon government in the Milanese territories.
    • Naples · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1707 · Naples passed to Austrian allegiance in 1707.
    • Trinacria · ESKing · Effective rule1700–1713 · Sicily was transferred to Victor Amadeus II under Utrecht in 1713.

    The monarchy’s crowns and dominions. Portugal retained a separate administration during the dynastic union of 1580–1640. Source for this grouping

  • Habsburg Netherlands8 titles and offices
    View titles and jurisdictions
    • Brabant · ESDuke · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
    • Limburg · ESDuke · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
    • Luxembourg · ESDuke · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; the town remained under Bourbon control until Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel in June 1711.
    • Guelders · ESDuke · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
    • Flanders · ESCount · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
    • Hainaut · ESCount · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.
    • Namur · ESCount · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; the town remained under Bourbon control until Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel in June 1711.
    • Lordship of Mechelen · ESLord · Effective rule1700–1711 · A distinct provincial title. Recognised in 1700–1701 by Governor-General Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria; after the defeat at Ramillies in 1706 most provinces were held by the Allies. In June 1711 Philip transferred sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands to Maximilian II Emanuel. The area effectively controlled is distinguished by the map’s dated phases.

    Joint succession of the provinces under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549. Each title retains its identity, and only the area under control in the selected year is shown. Rebel provinces are not included merely because the sovereign claimed them. Source for this grouping

Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.

How these titles came together
  1. 1700 · MilanInheritance

    Philip inherited Charles II’s ducal position; imperial troops took Milan in 1706 and Bourbon rule ended.

  2. 1717 · SardiniaConquest

    The Spanish expedition of 1717 temporarily recovered Sardinia. The subsequent settlement led to its transfer to Savoy in 1720.

Selected explained accessions. Other titles remain in the profile’s list of recorded governments.

Documentation

Sources for this profile

Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.

Evidence for this profile

35 recorded claims · 16 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.

Dates (2/2 with a precise source)
Family and relationships (3/4 with a precise source)
Governments (12/27 with a precise source)
Successions (2/2 with a precise source)
Biographical and contextual references (7)
Editorial history
  • 2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
  • 2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.

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