The Tree of Europe · Person

Mary I of England

The first Queen of England to exercise effective rule in her own right. A daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, she attempted to restore Catholicism and married Philip II of Spain.

1516 – 1558QueenTudor

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Contemporary portraitPortrait of Mary IAntonis Mor · c. 1554Museo del Prado, MadridPublic domain · PDM 1.0 · Source

This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.

Historical profile

Key details

Birth: 1516 Documented

Death: 1558 Documented

Role: Queen

Dynasty: Tudor

Territories: England (ES) · Ireland (ES)

Recorded governments and reigns

Queen · England · Reign Documented1553–1558Effective rule

Queen · Ireland · Reign Documented1553–1558Effective rule

Family network

Recorded relationships

Parents

Henry VIII of EnglandDocumentedCatherine of Aragon · ESDocumented

Partners

Philip II of SpainDocumented

Crowns and unions

Their titles over time

Follow the changing territories and offices of Mary I of England. Each title retains its own status.

Period

Governments in 1553

EnglandQueen
View titles and jurisdictions
- England · ESQueen · Effective rule1553–1558
IrelandQueen
View titles and jurisdictions
- Ireland · ESQueen · Effective rule1553–1558

Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.

Documentation

Sources for this profile

Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.

Evidence for this profile

7 recorded claims · 0 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.

Dates (2/2 with a precise source)

BirthDocumented
1516
The authority record gives the birth as 1516.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Maria I., England, Königin · Vital data: birth date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
DeathDocumented
1558
The authority record gives the death as 1558.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Maria I., England, Königin · Vital data: death date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Family and relationships (3/3 with a precise source)

FatherDocumented
Henry VIII of England
The authority record identifies Henry VIII of England (GND 118548204) as father.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Maria I., England, Königin · Relationships: father → GND 118548204
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
MotherDocumented
Catherine of Aragon
The authority record identifies Catherine of Aragon (GND 118721135) as mother.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Maria I., England, Königin · Relationships: mother → GND 118721135
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
Marriage or partnershipDocumented
Philip II of Spain
The authority record identifies Philip II of Spain (GND 118593862) as spouse.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Maria I., England, Königin · Relationships: spouse → GND 118593862
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Governments (2/2 with a precise source)

GovernmentDocumented
Queen · England · 1553–1558
The authority record dates this office to 1553–1558.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Maria I., England, Königin · Biographical data: “1553 bis 1558 Königin von England und Irland u. der vierte Monarch aus dem Haus Tudor”
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
GovernmentDocumented
Queen · Ireland · 1553–1558
The authority record dates this office to 1553–1558.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Maria I., England, Königin · Biographical data: “1553 bis 1558 Königin von England und Irland u. der vierte Monarch aus dem Haus Tudor”
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Biographical and contextual references (4)

Editorial history

2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.

Follow this person through history

Story · Spanish original

The Protestant Reformation

Humanism, the Reformation, imperial politics and the response of Trent

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