The Tree of Europe · Person

Saladin

The Ayyubid sultan who united much of Egypt and Syria. He defeated the crusader army at Hattin and recovered Jerusalem in 1187.

c. 1137 – 1193SultanAyyubid · ES

This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.

Historical profile

Key details

Birth: 1137 Approximate

Death: 1193 Documented

Role: Sultan

Dynasty: Ayyubid · ES

Territories: Egypt (ES) · Syria (ES)

Recorded governments and reigns

Sultan · Egypt · Sultanate Pending review1171–1193Effective rule

Sultan · Syria · Sultanate Pending review1174–1193Effective rule

Family network

No direct relationships are recorded for this person.

Crowns and unions

Follow the changing territories and offices of Saladin. Each title retains its own status.

Period

EgyptSultan
View titles and jurisdictions
- Egypt · ESSultan · Effective rule1171–1193
SyriaSultan
View titles and jurisdictions
- Syria · ESSultan · Effective rule1174–1193

Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.

Documentation

Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.

4 recorded claims · 3 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.

Dates (1/2 with a precise source)

BirthApproximate
1137
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·
DeathDocumented
1193
The authority record gives the death as 1193.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Saladin, Aijubidenreich, Sultan · Vital data: death date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Governments (0/2 with a precise source)

GovernmentPending review
Sultan · Egypt · 1171–1193
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·
GovernmentPending review
Sultan · Syria · 1174–1193
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·

Biographical and contextual references (2)

Editorial history

2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.