The Tree of Europe · Person
John of England
«Lackland»
King of England whose reign saw the loss of much of the Plantagenets’ continental dominions and the crisis that led to Magna Carta in 1215.
This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.
Key details
Birth: 1166 Disputed
Death: 19 October 1216 Documented
Role: King of England · Lord of Ireland
Other recorded names: King John · John Lackland · John I of England
Dynasty: Plantagenet · ES
Territories: England (ES) · Aquitaine (ES) · Normandy · Anjou (ES) · Maine (ES)
Recorded governments and reigns
King · England · Reign Documented1199–1216Effective rule
Duke · Aquitaine · Duchy Documented1204–1216Effective ruleA separate Aquitanian government; boundaries, confiscations and conquests follow the dated regional versions. A title retained after a territorial loss does not create a filled area.
Duke · Normandy · Duchy Documented1199–1203Effective ruleAngevin rule before the French conquest of 1204; the cutoff represents complete years.
Count · Anjou · County Documented1199–1203Effective ruleAn Angevin county; effective control is not extended beyond the French conquest.
Count · Maine · County Documented1199–1203Effective ruleA continental Angevin county, distinct from the English occupation of the fifteenth century.
Recorded relationships
Parents
Henry II of EnglandDocumentedEleanor of AquitaineDocumented
Partners
Isabella of Angoulême · ESPending review
Their titles over time
Follow the changing territories and offices of John of England. Each title retains its own status.
Governments in 1199
- EnglandKing
View titles and jurisdictions
- England · ESKing · Effective rule1199–1216
- NormandyDuke
View titles and jurisdictions
- NormandyDuke · Effective rule1199–1203 · Angevin rule before the French conquest of 1204; the cutoff represents complete years.
- AnjouCount
View titles and jurisdictions
- Anjou · ESCount · Effective rule1199–1203 · An Angevin county; effective control is not extended beyond the French conquest.
- MaineCount
View titles and jurisdictions
- Maine · ESCount · Effective rule1199–1203 · A continental Angevin county, distinct from the English occupation of the fifteenth century.
Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.
Sources for this profile
- Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND authority record · Johann I., England, König
- Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- Encyclopaedia Britannica
Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.
Evidence for this profile
10 recorded claims · 1 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.
Dates (2/2 with a precise source)
- BirthDisputed
1166
Britannica gives around 1166 and the ODNB gives 1167.Recorded alternatives: 24 December 1167 (ODNB; GND) - DeathDocumented
19 October 1216
The authority record gives the death as 1216-10-19.
Family and relationships (2/3 with a precise source)
- FatherDocumented
Henry II of England
The authority record identifies Henry II of England (GND 118709755) as father. - MotherDocumented
Eleanor of Aquitaine
The authority record identifies Eleanor of Aquitaine (GND 118529757) as mother. - Marriage or partnershipPending review
Isabella of Angoulême
A precise source has not yet been added.
Governments (5/5 with a precise source)
- GovernmentDocumented
King · England · 1199–1216
The authority record dates this office to 1199–1216. - GovernmentDocumented
Duke · Aquitaine · 1204–1216
A separate Aquitanian government; boundaries, confiscations and conquests follow the dated regional versions. A title retained after a territorial loss does not create a filled area. - GovernmentDocumented
Duke · Normandy · 1199–1203
Angevin rule before the French conquest of 1204; the cutoff represents complete years. - GovernmentDocumented
Count · Anjou · 1199–1203
An Angevin county; effective control is not extended beyond the French conquest. - GovernmentDocumented
Count · Maine · 1199–1203
A continental Angevin county, distinct from the English occupation of the fifteenth century.
Biographical and contextual references (3)
Editorial history
- 2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
- 2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
Keep exploring
More paths from John of England
Family
Henry II of EnglandKing of England · Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine · Count of Anjou1133 – 1189
Eleanor of AquitaineDuchess of Aquitaine · Queen consort of France and England1122 – 1204Isabella of Angoulême · ESConsort / Countess1186 – 1246Richard of Cornwall · ESKing of the Romans1209 – 1272Henry III of England · ESKing1207 – 1272Isabella of England · ESConsort1214 – 1241Same dynasty
Eleanor of England · ESConsort1161 – 1214Arthur I of Brittany · ESDuke of Brittany1187 – 1203Joan of England · ESQueen consort of Sicily · Countess consort of Toulouse1165 – 1199
Richard I of England“the Lionheart”King of England · Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine · Count of Anjou1157 – 1199Matilda of England · ESConsort1156 – 1189Geoffrey II of Brittany · ESDuke of Brittany1158 – 1186In their lifetime
Richard I of England“the Lionheart”King of England · Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine · Count of Anjou1157 – 1199Empress Matilda · ESEmpress · Lady of the English1102 – 1167Henry the Young King · ESJunior king of England1155 – 1183Berengaria of Navarre · ESQueen consort of Englandc. 1165 – 1230William Marshal · ESEarl / Regentc. 1147 – 1219Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester · ESCount1180 – 1230