The Tree of Europe · Person

Pedro I of Brazil

«the Liberator»

He proclaimed Brazil’s independence and became its first emperor. Later, he intervened in the Portuguese civil war in defence of his daughter Maria II’s rights.

1798 – 1834Emperor of Brazil · King of Portugal as Pedro IVBraganza · ES

Explore this family · Spanish Atlas Back to people

Contemporary portraitPedro I of Brazil, also Peter IV of PortugalSimplício Rodrigues de Sá · c. 1830Imperial Museum, PetrópolisPublic domain · PD-Art / PDM 1.0 · Source

This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.

Historical profile

Key details

Birth: 12 October 1798 Documented

Death: 24 September 1834 Documented

Role: Emperor of Brazil · King of Portugal as Pedro IV

Other recorded names: Pedro the Liberator · Pedro IV of Portugal · Peter IV of Portugal · Peter I of Brazil · Dom Pedro

Dynasty: Braganza · ES

Territories: Brazil (ES) · Portugal (ES)

Recorded governments and reigns

Emperor · Brazil · Empire Documented1822–1831Effective rule

King · Portugal · Reign Pending review1826–1826Effective rule

Family network

Recorded relationships

Parents

John VI of PortugalDocumentedCarlota Joaquina of Spain · ESPending review

Partners

Maria Leopoldina of Austria · ESDocumented

Crowns and unions

Their titles over time

Follow the changing territories and offices of Pedro I of Brazil. Each title retains its own status.

Period

Governments in 1826

BrazilEmperor
View titles and jurisdictions
- Brazil · ESEmperor · Effective rule1822–1831
PortugalKing
View titles and jurisdictions
- Portugal · ESKing · Effective rule1826–1826

Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.

Documentation

Sources for this profile

Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.

Evidence for this profile

7 recorded claims · 2 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.

Dates (2/2 with a precise source)

BirthDocumented
12 October 1798
The authority record gives the birth as 1798-10-12.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Peter I., Brasilien, Kaiser · Vital data: birth date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
DeathDocumented
24 September 1834
The authority record gives the death as 1834-09-24.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Peter I., Brasilien, Kaiser · Vital data: death date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Family and relationships (2/3 with a precise source)

FatherDocumented
John VI of Portugal
The authority record identifies John VI of Portugal (GND 119512602) as father.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Peter I., Brasilien, Kaiser · Relationships: father → GND 119512602
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
MotherPending review
Carlota Joaquina of Spain
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·
Marriage or partnershipDocumented
Maria Leopoldina of Austria
The authority record identifies Maria Leopoldina of Austria (GND 118727672) as spouse.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Peter I., Brasilien, Kaiser · Relationships: spouse → GND 118727672
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Governments (1/2 with a precise source)

GovernmentDocumented
Emperor · Brazil · 1822–1831
The authority record dates this office to 1822–1831.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Peter I., Brasilien, Kaiser · Biographical data: Emperor of Brazil, 1822–1831, and King of Portugal, 1826–1828, under the name Peter IV.
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
GovernmentPending review
King · Portugal · 1826–1826
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·

Biographical and contextual references (2)

Editorial history

2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.

Keep exploring

More paths from Pedro I of Brazil