Maria I of Portugal
Portugal’s first queen regnant. Her government reversed some Pombaline policies, but the deterioration of her mental health eventually transferred effective power to her son John.
This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.
Key details
Birth: 1734 Documented
Death: 1816 Documented
Role: Queen regnant of Portugal
Other recorded names: Maria the Pious
Dynasty: Braganza · ES
Territories: Portugal (ES) · Brazil (ES)
Recorded relationships
Their titles over time
Follow the changing territories and offices of Maria I of Portugal. Each title retains its own status.
Governments in 1815
- PortugalQueen
View titles and jurisdictions
- Portugal · ESQueen · Effective rule1777–1816
- BrazilQueen
View titles and jurisdictions
- Brazil · ESQueen · Effective rule1815–1816
Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.
Sources for this profile
- Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND authority record · Maria I., Portugal, Königin
- Encyclopaedia Britannica
Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.
Evidence for this profile
7 recorded claims · 1 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.
Dates (2/2 with a precise source)
- BirthDocumented
1734
The authority record gives the birth as 1734. - DeathDocumented
1816
The authority record gives the death as 1816.
Family and relationships (2/3 with a precise source)
- FatherDocumented
Joseph I of Portugal
The authority record identifies Joseph I of Portugal (GND 101081715) as father. - MotherDocumented
Mariana Victoria of Spain
The authority record identifies Mariana Victoria of Spain (GND 129817929) as mother. - Marriage or partnershipPending review
Peter III of Portugal
A precise source has not yet been added.
Governments (2/2 with a precise source)
- GovernmentDocumented
Queen · Portugal · 1777–1816
The authority record dates this office to 1777–1816. - GovernmentDocumented
Queen · Brazil · 1815–1816
The authority record dates this office to 1815–1816.
Biographical and contextual references (2)
Editorial history
- 2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
- 2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
- 2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
More paths from Maria I of Portugal
Family
Joseph I of Portugal“the Reformer”King of Portugal1714 – 1777Mariana Victoria of Spain · ESConsort1718 – 1781
Peter III of PortugalKing consort of Portugal1717 – 1786
John VI of Portugal“the Clement”King of Portugal1767 – 1826Same dynasty
Barbara of Braganza · ESConsort1711 – 1758
Pedro I of Brazil“the Liberator”Emperor of Brazil · King of Portugal as Pedro IV1798 – 1834
John V of Portugal“the Magnanimous”King of Portugal1689 – 1750
Peter II of Portugal“the Pacific”King of Portugal1648 – 1706
Afonso VI of PortugalKing of Portugal1643 – 1683
John IV of Portugal“the Restorer”King of Portugal1604 – 1656In their lifetime
Pedro I of Brazil“the Liberator”Emperor of Brazil · King of Portugal as Pedro IV1798 – 1834Maria Leopoldina of Austria · ESConsort1797 – 1826John V of Portugal“the Magnanimous”King of Portugal1689 – 1750Maria Anna of Austria · ESConsort1683 – 1754Carlota Joaquina of Spain · ESConsort1775 – 1830Barbara of Braganza · ESConsort1711 – 1758