The Tree of Europe · Person

Stephen Báthory

Elected Voivode of Transylvania, he became King of Poland while retaining the dignity of Prince of Transylvania. His brother Christopher administered the territory as voivode, sharing the work of government across the two lands.

1533 – 1586King / PrinceBáthory · ES
Portrait of Stephen Báthory
Historical portraitStephen Báthory, elected King of PolandAttributed to Wojciech Stefanowski · 1576Lviv National Art GalleryPublic domain · PD-Art / PDM 1.0 · Source

This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.

Historical profile

Key details

Birth: 1533 Pending review

Death: 1586 Pending review

Role: King / Prince

Dynasty: Báthory · ES

Territories: Poland (ES) · Lithuania (ES) · Transylvania (ES)

Recorded governments and reigns
King · Poland · Reign Pending review1576–1586Effective rule
Grand duke · Lithuania · Grand duchy Pending review1576–1586Effective rule
Voivode · Transylvania · Voivodeship Pending review1571–1576Effective rule
Prince · Transylvania · Principality Pending review1576–1586Effective rule
Family network

Recorded relationships

Partners
Anna JagiellonPending review
Crowns and unions

Their titles over time

Follow the changing territories and offices of Stephen Báthory. Each title retains its own status.

Governments in 1576

  • Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth2 titles and offices
    View titles and jurisdictions

    The Union of Lublin of 1569 created a commonwealth with a shared monarch and parliament. The Crown and Grand Duchy retained their titles and institutions; Courland and Ducal Prussia thereby did not become provinces of the Crown. Source for this grouping

  • Principality of Transylvania2 titles and offices
    View titles and jurisdictions

Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.

Evidence for this profile

8 recorded claims · 8 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.

Dates (0/2 with a precise source)
  • BirthPending review

    1533

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
  • DeathPending review

    1586

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
Family and relationships (0/2 with a precise source)
  • FatherPending review

    Stephen Báthory of Somlyó

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
  • Marriage or partnershipPending review

    Anna Jagiellon

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
Governments (0/4 with a precise source)
  • GovernmentPending review

    King · Poland · 1576–1586

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
  • GovernmentPending review

    Grand duke · Lithuania · 1576–1586

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
  • GovernmentPending review

    Voivode · Transylvania · 1571–1576

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
  • GovernmentPending review

    Prince · Transylvania · 1576–1586

    A precise source has not yet been added.
    No individual review recorded ·
Editorial history
  • 2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
  • 2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
  • 2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.

Related stories

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Story · Spanish original

The Republic of Nobles

How Poland turned a hereditary monarchy into an elective crown

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