The Tree of Europe · Person

Leopold III of Austria

A Habsburg duke of Austria who founded the Leopoldian line after dividing the family’s dominions with his brother Albert III in 1379. He died fighting the Swiss Confederates at Sempach in 1386.

1351 – 1386DukeHabsburg · ES

Explore this family · Spanish Atlas Back to people

Posthumous portraitLeopold III of Austria · dynastic portrait seriesAntoni Boys (Anton Waiss) · sixteenth centuryKunsthistorisches Museum, ViennaPublic domain · PDM 1.0 · Source

This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.

Historical profile

Key details

Birth: 1 November 1351 Documented

Death: 9 July 1386 Documented

Role: Duke

Dynasty: Habsburg · ES

Territories: Austria (ES) · Inner Austria (ES) · Tyrol (ES) · Duchy of Styria (ES) · Carinthia (ES) · Carniola (ES)

Recorded governments and reigns

Duke · Inner Austria · Duchy Documented1379–1386Effective rulePartition of Neuberg: Styria, Carinthia and Carniola; Trieste entered in 1382. Independent Celje is outside the early core.

Count · Tyrol · County Documented1379–1386Effective ruleAfter Neuberg, Tyrol was governed by the Leopoldian branch separately from Danubian Austria.

Duke · Duchy of Styria · Duchy Documented1365–1378Co-rulerShared government before Neuberg.

Duke · Carinthia · Duchy Documented1365–1378Co-rulerShared government before Neuberg.

Duke · Carniola · Duchy Documented1365–1378Co-rulerShared government before Neuberg.

Count · Tyrol · County Inferred1365–1378Co-rulerMargaret's cession in 1363 and the brothers' joint succession; Leopoldian separation following Neuberg in 1379. Neighbouring bishoprics are excluded.

Family network

Recorded relationships

Parents

Albert II of AustriaDocumentedJoanna of Pfirt · ESPending review

Partners

Viridis ViscontiDocumented

Children

Ernest I of Austria · ESWilliam of Austria

Crowns and unions

Their titles over time

Follow the changing territories and offices of Leopold III of Austria. Each title retains its own status.

Period

Governments in 1365

Austria4 titles and offices
View titles and jurisdictions
- Duchy of Styria · ESDuke · Co-ruler1365–1378 · Shared government before Neuberg.
- Carinthia · ESDuke · Co-ruler1365–1378 · Shared government before Neuberg.
- Carniola · ESDuke · Co-ruler1365–1378 · Shared government before Neuberg.
- Tyrol · ESCount · Co-ruler1365–1378 · Margaret's cession in 1363 and the brothers' joint succession; Leopoldian separation following Neuberg in 1379. Neighbouring bishoprics are excluded.
A common colour groups the Austrian lands and directly administered provinces governed simultaneously by this person. Their titles and territorial identities remain distinct; Bohemia and Hungary require their own documented groupings. Source for this grouping

Annual dates: overlap within one year does not prove that two offices were held on the same day. Regencies and co-rulerships retain their labels.

Documentation

Sources for this profile

Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.

Evidence for this profile

11 recorded claims · 1 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.

Dates (2/2 with a precise source)

BirthDocumented
1 November 1351
The authority record gives the birth as 1351-11-01.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Leopold III., Österreich, Herzog · Vital data: birth date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
DeathDocumented
9 July 1386
The authority record gives the death as 1386-07-09.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Leopold III., Österreich, Herzog · Vital data: death date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Family and relationships (2/3 with a precise source)

FatherDocumented
Albert II of Austria
The authority record identifies Albert II of Austria (GND 118848399) as father.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Leopold III., Österreich, Herzog · Relationships: father → GND 118848399
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
MotherPending review
Joanna of Pfirt
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·
Marriage or partnershipDocumented
Viridis Visconti
The authority record identifies Viridis Visconti (GND 13035936X) as spouse.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Leopold III., Österreich, Herzog · Relationships: spouse → GND 13035936X
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Governments (6/6 with a precise source)

GovernmentDocumented
Duke · Inner Austria · 1379–1386
Partition of Neuberg: Styria, Carinthia and Carniola; Trieste entered in 1382. Independent Celje is outside the early core.
Schönbrunn / Die Welt der Habsburger: Leopold III, the Just · Ruler of Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, Tyrol and Further Austria, 1379–1386.Schönbrunn / Die Welt der Habsburger: Leopold III, founder of the Leopoldine line · Partition of 25 September 1379: Styria with Pitten/Wiener Neustadt; Trieste in 1382. Shared titles alone do not establish shared effective government.
Reviewed on 2026-10-07 by El Árbol de Europa ·
GovernmentDocumented
Count · Tyrol · 1379–1386
After Neuberg, Tyrol was governed by the Leopoldian branch separately from Danubian Austria.
Schönbrunn / Die Welt der Habsburger: Leopold III, the Just · Ruler of Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, Tyrol and Further Austria, 1379–1386.Schönbrunn / Die Welt der Habsburger: Leopold III, founder of the Leopoldine line · Partition of 25 September 1379: Styria with Pitten/Wiener Neustadt; Trieste in 1382. Shared titles alone do not establish shared effective government.
Reviewed on 2026-10-07 by El Árbol de Europa ·
GovernmentDocumented
Duke · Duchy of Styria · 1365–1378
Shared government before Neuberg.
Schönbrunn · Rudolf’s reign: brief but lasting consequences · Joint inheritance of Albert III and Leopold III following Rudolf's death; partition in 1379.
Reviewed on 2026-10-07 by El Árbol de Europa ·
GovernmentDocumented
Duke · Carinthia · 1365–1378
Shared government before Neuberg.
Schönbrunn · Rudolf’s reign: brief but lasting consequences · Joint inheritance of Albert III and Leopold III following Rudolf's death; partition in 1379.
Reviewed on 2026-10-07 by El Árbol de Europa ·
GovernmentDocumented
Duke · Carniola · 1365–1378
Shared government before Neuberg.
Schönbrunn · Rudolf’s reign: brief but lasting consequences · Joint inheritance of Albert III and Leopold III following Rudolf's death; partition in 1379.
Reviewed on 2026-10-07 by El Árbol de Europa ·
GovernmentInferred
Count · Tyrol · 1365–1378
Margaret's cession in 1363 and the brothers' joint succession; Leopoldian separation following Neuberg in 1379. Neighbouring bishoprics are excluded.
Tiroler Landesarchiv · Archiv & Quelle 26 · Deed of cession of January 1363: Rudolf, Albert and Leopold of Austria; some biographical pages instead give 1365.Bundeskanzleramt Österreich · Jahr 1363 · First paragraph: Margaret's cession of rights to the three brothers in 1363.
Reviewed on 2026-10-07 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Biographical and contextual references (2)

Editorial history

2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.

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