The Tree of Europe · Person

Innocent XI

A reforming pope and opponent of Louis XIV’s ecclesiastical policies. He gave diplomatic support to European resistance to the late-seventeenth-century Ottoman advance.

1611 – 1689PopeOdescalchi · ES

Explore this family · Spanish Atlas Back to people

Contemporary portraitInnocent XI OdescalchiJacob Ferdinand Voet · Last quarter of the seventeenth centuryPublic domain · PDM 1.0 · Source

This complete profile is available in English. Bibliographic titles retain their original language. Links marked ES open the Spanish edition.

Historical profile

Key details

Birth: 19 May 1611 Documented

Death: 12 August 1689 Documented

Role: Pope

Dynasty: Odescalchi · ES

Territories: Papal States (ES)

Recorded governments and reigns

Pope · Papal States · Pontificate Pending review1676–1689Effective rule

Family network

Recorded relationships

Parents

Livio Odescalchi · ESPending reviewLivia Castelli · ESPending review

Documentation

Sources for this profile

Biographical and contextual references in their original language. Sources and methodology.

Evidence for this profile

5 recorded claims · 3 without a claim-specific source. Context references do not by themselves verify every fact.

Dates (2/2 with a precise source)

BirthDocumented
19 May 1611
The authority record gives the birth as 1611-05-19.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Innozenz XI., Papst · Vital data: birth date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·
DeathDocumented
12 August 1689
The authority record gives the death as 1689-08-12.
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek · GND · Innozenz XI., Papst · Vital data: death date
Reviewed on 2026-10-17 by El Árbol de Europa ·

Family and relationships (0/2 with a precise source)

FatherPending review
Livio Odescalchi
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·
MotherPending review
Livia Castelli
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·

Governments (0/1 with a precise source)

GovernmentPending review
Pope · Papal States · 1676–1689
A precise source has not yet been added.
No individual review recorded ·

Biographical and contextual references (3)

Editorial history

2026-10-12 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-08 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-04 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-10-03 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.
2026-09-30 · The duchy is limited to Dijon and Autun; each other fief now enters the map only under its dated ruler. John III of Namur and the Nevers/Rethel branch were added. The previous shape combined later counties and unrelated lands as if all belonged to the duchy from 1363.
2026-09-28 · Claim registry added; existing historical data kept. Specific sourcing remains to be reviewed.